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Today in Motorcycle History

Stellar Motorcycles by Stuart Turner and Co


Las motocicletas de Stuart Turner.


Stuart Stellar (1912 - 1913)

En 1906 la fábrica de Stuart Turner en Henley-on-Thames comenzó a producir máquinas de vapor y luego pequeños motores estacionarios a gas y a petroleo.

El motor de dos tiempos con compresión al cárter había sido inventado por Joseph Day a mediados de la década de 1890 y esto hizo posible motores livianos y para nuevas aplicaciones. Stuart Turner estaba desarrollando pequeños motores de dos tiempos para motocicletas y generadores y en 1910 comienza a trabajar en la construcción de una motocicleta completa. En el Olympia Show de noviembre de 1911 (en el stand de R. G. Nye & Co de Londres, quienes eran encargados de comercializarlas) presenta una motocicleta monocilíndrica de 2,5 HP 299 cc motor de dos tiempos con volante interno y placas de aluminio para aumentar la compresión primaria. Tenía algunas características de diseño muy modernas, incluyendo una válvula de retención en el conducto de admisión y una de alivio de compresión conectada al caño de escape. El encendido Bosch era accionado por cadena y la horquilla era Druid.

Posteriormente se asegura un contrato para hacer motores para la bicicleta motorizada Dayton fabricadas por Charles Day Manufacturing Co de Shoreditch, Londres, que era hasta entonces meramente un fabricante de bicicletas. Esta salió a la venta a finales de 1913 y tenía un motor de 162 cc (57 x 63,5 mm), 1,5 HP, magneto U.H. y carburador Amac. Las versiones disponibles eran de una sola velocidad y de dos velocidades.

Después de experimentar con el monocilíndrico de 300cc de dos tiempos, también destinado a equipar lanchas, la marca decide construir un motor más grande para el mercado de las motocicletas bajo la marca Stuart que sentó las bases para el desarrollo de la Stellar bicilíndrica.

La nueva máquina fue impulsada por un doble tándem refrigerado por agua que llevaba una caja de cambios de dos velocidades atornillada a su parte trasera, a través de un embrague en seco multiplaca. Conducirla no era sencillo, la moto se ponía en marcha con una manivela de tipo automóvil que acoplaba con un eje que sobresalía en la parte posterior derecha de la caja de cambios. Luego se acoplaba una palanca corta y se debía acelerar hasta que el motor se ponía en marcha mientras se accionaba en el manillar la palanca que comandaba las válvulas del doble descompresor situado en la derecha del motor.

Los cambios se hacían con la mano izquierda, mientras que el embrague era operado por el pie derecho. La transmisión final era a través de un cárdan. La lubricación no era por una mezcla de nafta y aceite como la mayoría de los dos tiempos, sino que el aceite contenido en un compartimiento en el cárter era forzado a subir al cilindro por la presión creada por el pistón en su carrera descendente.

En 1913 dos empleados de la fábrica con una Stellar equipada con sidecar fueron invitados a unirse a los Westminster Dragons en las maniobras conjuntas del ejército y las fuerzas territoriales. Cubriendo sin ningún inconveniente cientos de millas por más de siete días en todo el país, su tarea consistía en llevar despachos, alimentos, municiones y médicos. Pero como no hubo pedidos por parte del Ejército, el proyecto fue abandonado cuando la Primera Guerra Mundial comenzó el año siguiente.

Surge a la vista que sería comparable con la motocicleta Scott de la época, que tenía un motor bicilíndrico transversal de dos tiempos de 532 cc refrigerado por agua. Sin embargo, a pesar del diseño innovador, la Stellar no tuvo éxito y sólo fueron construidos 26 ejemplares.

ESPECIFICACIONES


    Motor: 743 cc (algunas referencias dicen 786 cc) dos tiempos bicilíndrico en tándem refrigerado por agua
    Potencia: 8 HP @ 1680 RPM
    Carburador: AMAC Senspray
    Magneto: Bosch
    Transmisión: 2 velocidades, embrague seco multiplaca; transmisión final por cardan.
    Suspensión: horquilla Druid, trasero rígido
    Frenos: delantero a la llanta tipo bicicleta, trasero con aro.
    Ruedas: 3.00 x 26 pulgadas
    Peso: 115 Kg
    Velocidad máxima: 70 Km/h

El único ejemplar sobreviviente está en manos de su fabricante, ya que actualmente Stuart Turner continua en el mercado produciendo bombas de agua, aunque durante su centenaria existencia produjo además motores estacionarios, generadores y una variada gama de equipos. Para conocer mas de su historia visiten http://www.stuart-turner.co.uk/about-us/#


Stuart Turner and Co of Henley-on Thames Stuart Turner was an English engineer born in 1869.

It was while working at Shiplake that Turner designed his No.1 Model Steam Engine. He drew up the patterns which he then sent away to be cast. On their return he machined and assembled them and soon showed the finished model at a local exhibition. He then approached Percival Marshall the editor of Model Engineer magazine who wrote an article about the engine.

1898 The coverage of which bought an immediate response and orders for sets of castings flooded in, and a business was established in 1898.

1906 Stuart Turner Ltd was incorporated in 1906 and started to produce model steam engines, gas engines for domestic electricity, lathes, etc. Stuart Turner went on to produce further designs, and by 1906 there were nine models in the range.

By 1907 more space was needed so premises were rented at Market Place, Henley-On-Thames where the company remained for many years.

In 1911, the Stuart Stella motorcycle was introduced, powered by a two-cylinder water cooled two-stroke engine. In 1914, the company manufactured a generating plant for the Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton's ship, the Endurance. It was used in the ill-fated Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition.

During World War I (1914-18) the company produced nuts and bolts, gas valves and a Klaxon horn for gas attack warnings. The workforce expanded to over 300 men and 100 women.

In 1917, Stuart Turner acquired Broadgates Inn in Market Place, Henley-on-Thames, and has used this as a base ever since.

1944 Producing a tiny 2-3 bhp two stroke diesel engine for marine use.

A decision was taken in the late 1980s to separate Stuart Turner Ltd. into two separate operations with the larger side of the business making pumps staying at Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, England, and the Steam Engine section moving to Cheddar in Somerset. In 1991, Stuart Models underwent a change of ownership with the production and sales departments moving to Guernsey.

Stellar

Stellar was a motorcycle produced between 1912 and 1913 with sales handled by R. G. Nye and Co of Hampstead Road, London.

The machine was first listed as the Stuart and then as the Stella before being listed late in 1912 as the Stellar. It had a 784cc water-cooled, in-line-twin, two-stroke engine, with a clutch to an all-indirect two-speed gearbox, Bosch magneto, Amac carburettor and a kick-start pedal. The engine and gearbox fitted between the downtube and saddle tube of the sprung-forked frame. Although the design was interesting, it had little public appeal, so nothing further came of the venture.

STELLAR, Stand No. 118.
Olympia Show 1912

6-8 h.p. Model: 78 x 82 mm.; valveless ; Amac carburetter ; two-speed sliding gears : worm and propeller-shaft.

Nye and Co., Hampstead Road, N.W.

One of the finest examples of the influence of car practice on motor cycle design is to be seen on the Stellar machine exhibited by this firm. In this the two-stroke engine, flywheel, clutch, and two-speed sliding gears are incorporated in a single unit construction, in which the crank case is extended and enlarged to cover the flywheel, and the gears are contained in a casing bolted to the crank case. The Bosch magneto of the enclosed type is carried at an angle on the right-hand side of the gear box, and driven by the extended engine-shaft through a Coventry silent chain.

Where the engine-shaft extension projects at the back of the gear box, a free-wheel pinion is fitted, and this, in mesh with a quadrant on a pedal-operated lever, gives the necessary kick-starting facilities. The engine utilises compression from the crank case, and a 40-plate clutch transmits power to the gear box. Thermo-syphon cooling is used, and the gear is operated from the lever on the left-hand side. The machine is equipped with a front-wheel rim brake, and one working inside a special U brake rim on the back wheel.

The Motor Cycle, November 1912.

Stuart Motorcycles

1911 R. G. Nye and Co of London first showed this make at the Olympia show, late in the year. It was fitted with a 2½ hp 299cc two-stroke engine with internal flywheels with aluminium plates to raise the primary compression. It had some very modern design features, including a non-return valve in the inlet tract, and compression release connected to the exhaust pipe. Chain-driven Bosch magneto, Druid forks and belt drive completed the outfit.

1912 Late in the year came another engine - a 784cc water-cooled in-line-twin two-stroke. This drove back through a clutch to an indirect two-speed gearbox that stepped the drive for a shaft to run back to a worm at the rear wheel. It also used pressure lubrication and Druid forks.

Specifications

Engine: 743cc watercooled two-stroke inline twin
Power: 8 HP @ 1680 rpm
Carburetor: Amac Senspray
Magneto: Bosch
Transmission: 2 Speed, dry multi-plate clutch; shaft drive to rear wheel.
Druid Front Fork, Rigid rear
Wheels: 3.00 x 26 inches
Weight: 115 kg
Maximum Speed: 70 km/h

Dayton

The Stuart firm built engines for the Dayton lightweights manufactured by Charles Day of Shoreditch, London, first built in late 1913. The 162 cc engine (57 x 63.5 mm) produced 1.5 HP, was fired by a U.H. magneto fueled by an Amac carburetor. It was available as direct drive or two-speed.

Sources: Graces Guide
Spanish version, additional information and images courtesy Sergio Scalerandi. Photographs by OcchioLungo


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